Bio-Inspired Framework for Security in IoT Devices

One of the many things COVID-19 has taught humanity is that the Internet is not just a commodity but a vital service integral to the modern world. As we become ever more connected, there is a growing need to secure data and communication streams. If data is valued, then it should be protected. Unfortunately, some of the least secure devices in modern electronic systems are the Internet of Things (IoT) devices—partly due to their low processing power and always—on functionality. Polymorphism is the notion of changing one’s form. In biological organisms, polymorphic (mutating or changing) viruses trick the natural security mechanisms by changing their unique signatures (e.g. DNA or proteins). In computing, antivirus software systems are adapted to detect and remove constantly changing software viruses. However, polymorphism at the firmware level and over the wireless medium is neither well understood nor explored for IoT devices. This paper proposes a novel and bio-inspired framework for securing distributed IoT devices often assumed to be working at the intersection of engineering, computing, and cybersecurity domains. The proposed framework attempts to exploit the notion of polymorphism in resource-constrained (e.g. memory, power, bandwidth) IoT devices. The framework’s core aim is to detect, reject, and block foreign agents individually or collaboratively and in real-time within a client and server model by changing the access credentials and encryption keys as soon as an unauthorised client is detected. The framework proposed for the bio-inspired framework for security in IoT devices is designed to remain operationally compartmentalised, functionally integrated, and objectively unified. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

IoT-Based Horticulture Monitoring System

With climate change and global warming in mind, vertical farms, hydroponics and urban greenhouses can now be found in many cities worldwide as we transform the ways we produce food. Additionally, recent implications of the COVID-19 pandemic prove that as a society we can harness the benefit of remote monitoring and automation for controlled-environment agriculture and horticulture. The subject matter of this paper is implementation of a solar-powered, Internet of Things (IoT)-based Real-time Autonomous Horticulture Monitoring System (RAHMS). The RAHMS integrates a mobile application for viewing the greenhouse crop data and camera feed of plants, and interacts with cloud databases such as Firebase and MATLAB ThingSpeak for the scalability. In particular, a simple and distinctive design of a solar-powered, low energy consuming, and inexpensive greenhouse monitoring system is presented. The paper outlines RAHMS design methodology and showcases a proof-of-concept prototype with its core hardware and software components. The proposed system has a potential to further advance the practical aspects of the remote solutions for the cultivation and monitoring of horticulture and controlled-environment agriculture. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.